TY - JOURS
T1 - Entwurf zu einer Biologie der Freiheit am Beispiel der Singvögel Zur Differenzierung des Reviergesanges
STREFFER, WALTER
JAS - Jahr für Goethe.
JF - Jahrbuch für Goetheanismus
PY - 2007
VL - 2007
SP - 33
EP - 78
DO - 10.18756/jfg.2007.33
SN - Print :1866-4830 Online : 2750-2341 
LA - de
N2 - 
N1 - An outline for a biology of freedom using songbirds as an example  Concerning the differentiation of the territorial songThe territory defended by songbirds is much more an acoustic territory than a foraging one Therefore singing outside a territory more often leads to conflict than does searching for food there The great significance of song quality is also recognisable by the fact that territorial behaviour correlates with the degree of development of the singing ability of a species A differentiation of territorial song shows that conventional interpretations have only a certain validity for the lower level the aggressive territorial song Here the males sing against each other while they sing with each other in the relaxed full song which is more complete more varied finer structured and more sonorous Most of the disharmonic changes noisier sharper and shorter phrases in the transition from the relaxed to the excited song are significant and reveal the birds change of mood It is even possible to hear the bird descend into old inherited song structuresEverything which has been developed beyond the functional aggressive song of the lower level is development that has gone beyond biological necessity and shows a stepwise increase of autonomy up to the highest level which may be called the spherical song Counter singing interactive singing of neighbouring males reflects the steps of the three types of territorial song at the lower level vocal matching one can hear the singing birds overlapping into each others phrases At the intermediatc level in a relaxed atmosphere they sing in a harmonic and rhythmic interchange At the higher level the convergent counter song they try to adapt to each other in their song phrases and themes until the sound patterns match each otherOn the basis of differentiating territorial song and the transitions from one song level to another a possible evolutionary developmental process of birdsong is discussed and the higher development of song is directly related to a reduction of sociability and an increase in individual autonomy
AB - 
ST - Entwurf zu einer Biologie der Freiheit am Beispiel der Singvögel Zur Differenzierung des Reviergesanges
UR - https://dx.doi.org/10.18756/jfg.2007.33
Y2 - 2024-05-06 03:17:14
ER -