Zeitmuster in der Evolution der Säugetiere und ihrer Vorläufer

Zeitmuster in der Evolution der Säugetiere und ihrer Vorläufer

Susanna Kümmell
Jahrbuch für Goetheanismus 2008, 2008, P.41-80 | DOI: 10.18756/jfg.2008.41
evolution | Language: German | €6
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Abstract:

Temporal pattern in the evolution of mammals and their ancestors

The fundamental threefold shape of the vertebrates, namely head, trunk and limbs, had formed by the Upper Carboniferous period, primarily in water. After this, in the Permian and Mesozoic periods, the development of the threefolding of organs and parts of the body came with the complete move onto land of the Synapsida. This involved the head, the limbs, the hand (together with the arm) and the foot, by evolving, for instance, the secondary palate, the middle eat and the brain case. In contrast to the development in water, the innovations during this time were not completely new organs or bones, but predominantly separation of functions that developed as long term trends. The sequence of separation of functions develops from the distal to the proximal part of the head, the limbs, and hands and feet. Firstly the region of direct contact with the surroundings develops, the limb pole, then the rhythmic region and finally the region of control faculties, the nerve pole. The organs and other parts of the body thus become more independent of one another, while the whole organism acquires autonomy in relation to its surroundings. The various trends evolve in more or less close connection with the development of endothermy (warmbloodness) that accompanies the whole process. With some trends it can be shown that the function was already established before it came to its full form in the skeleton. Here the form follows the function. As far as the organism is participating in its functions, it is also participating in its evolution.

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