Die Zunahme morphologischer und physiologischer Autonomie bei den Volvocales

Die Zunahme morphologischer und physiologischer Autonomie bei den Volvocales

CHRISTOPH GUTENBRUNNER
Jahrbuch für Goetheanismus 2004, 2004, P.47-76 | DOI: 10.18756/jfg.2004.47
Botany | Language: German | €6
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Abstract:

The increase of morphological and physiological autonomy with the Volvocales

The transition to multicellularity in early evolution led to an emancipation from the environment and to an increase of organismal autonomy. As a model for this principle, the Volvocales are studied. Within the green algae a sequence from single celled forms to colonies of Volvocales with different levels of integration and different cell numbers can be established. This sequence exhibits biological functions of an increasing autonomy such as the internalization of cells into a physiologically controlled extracellular matrix; the establishment of boundary structures; the internalization of germ cells and fertilization; the reduction of the surface area relative to volume; the enhancement of motility within the environment; the increase of metabolic autonomy and relative emancipation from direct availability of nutrients. Thus typical patterns of the generation of autonomy can be described, just as they are found within the transition to multicellularity in animals. It is stated that the principle is of central relevance for understanding macroevolution and it has so far been badly neglected in evolutionary theory.
 

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