Denkweisen in der Biologie

Denkweisen in der Biologie

Gegensatz und Synthese am Beispiel von Evolutionstheorie und Organismusbegriff
Bernd Rosslenbroich
Jahrbuch für Goetheanismus 2020, 2020, P.81-102 | DOI: 10.18756/jfg.2020.81
Biology | Language: German | €6
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Abstract:

Philosophy of science has shown that research programs in the sense of paradigms are not only shaped by facts, but also by certain ways of thinking and forms of explanation, even by world views. Throughout the history of science repeatedly alternative research programs existed simultaneously for some time and competed with one another until major progress was finally made when both were reconciled within a synthesis. This is illustrated here by the example of the theory of evolution, in which such syntheses have generated major advancement in the conceptual development of the discipline in several instances, and in which several concepts are again currently confronting each other. Similar processes can also be described for other scientific fields. The conclusion drawn here is that alternative approaches in research can be important and should not be hindered in their development by the dominant research program. It is an essential task of the philosophy of science and research on the history of science to draw attention to these dynamics.

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