Entwicklungsmorphologie eine typologische Betrachtung zur Formbildung
Export Article Citation as
- Download price : €6
Abstract:
Evolutionary morphology a typological study of the development of form
The development of the inflorescence of Digitale lutea is described in detail from the formation of the primordium on the apex to the opening of the mature inflorescence and is documented by drawings of illuminated, complete preparations of the different developmental stages and by electron microscope (REM) photographs. This developmental sequence of Digitale lutea is analysed and compared with the sequences of other inflorescences, first of all among different species (Digitale lutea, Digitale isabelliana) and then in comparison with the development of other genera that today are considered as individual subfamilies (Nemesia, Alonsoa).
The comparison of the ontogeneses shows two possibilities for variation that lead to the formation of the different shapes of the mature inflorescences: on the one hand the variations of spatial form with largely comparable temporal succession of development, on the other hand a variation of the temporal form of the ontogeneses. Developmental processes are accelerated or retarded. These differences of the temporal form are especially pronounced in the special formations of the mature inflorescence. If the lower lip of an inflorescence is particularly pronounced, the initial processes of development are retarded. If the upper lip of the mature inflorescence is pronounced, the speed of development is distinctly accelerated during the initial developmental processes.
The classical idea of the ‘type’ (typus) needs to be extended. The dynamic ‘type’, i.e. the ‘typus’ in Goethe’s sense, comprises a concept of type that takes into account the processes of ontogenesis and includes the static ‘type’, the Bauplan, as a final stage.
References
- BOCKEMÜHL, J. (1967): Äußerungen des Zeitenleibes in den Bildebewegungen der Pflanze. Elemente der Naturwissenschaft 7: 25 - 30. Dornach
- GIERER, A. (1981): Physik der biologischen Gestaltbildung. Naturwissenschaften 68: 245 - 251
- MEIER-WENIGER, E. (1977): Die Morphogenese der Blüte von Pedicularis recutita L. (Scropbulariaceae). Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 90: 67 - 75
- RITTERBUSCH, A. (1976): Die Organopoiese der Blüte von Calceolaria tripartita R. et P. (Scrophulariaceae). Bot. Jb. Syst. 95: 267 - 320
- RITTERBUSCH, A. (1980): The Modelling of growth and development, a transformational approach to floral ontogenesis. Flora 169: 498 - 509
- RITTERBUSCH, A. & WUNDERLIN, U. (1988): On growth and development a spatio-temporal analysis of flower ontogenesis. EEB
- SCHAD, W. (1997): Die Zeitintegration als makroevolutiver Entwicklungsmodus. Sonderdruck; Fachvortrag Universität Witten/Herdecke, 3.11.1997
- Troll, W. (1954): Praktische Einführung in die Pflanzenmorphologie, Teil I. VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag (Second Reprint 1984, Keotz Scientific Books, Königstein)
- Troll, W. (1957): Praktische Einführung in die Pflanzenmorphologie, Teil II. VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag (Second Reprint 1984, Keotz Scientific Books, Königstein)
- Troll, W. (1984): Gestalt und Urbild. Gesammelte Aufsätze zu Grundfragen der organischen Morphologie. Böhlau Verlag Köln, Wien
- WUNDERLIN, U. (1989): Entwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen an Blüten von Scrophularinceen im Hinblick auf eine quantitative und raum-zeitliche Erfassung der Entwicklungsvorgänge. Vortrag 9. Symposium Morphologie, Anatomie und Systematik. Wien
- WUNDERLIN, U. (1991): Entwicklungsmorphologische Untersuchungen an Blüten von Scropbulariaceen - Eine qualitative und quantitative Entwicklungsanalyse. Vortrag 10. Symposium Morphologie, Anatomie und Systematik, Göttingen
- WUNDERLIN, U. (1992): Untersuchungen zur vergleichenden Entwicklungsgeschichte von Scrapbulariaceen-Blüten. Die Entwicklung der Blüten von Digitalis lutea, Digitalis latana, Digitalis isabelliana, Erinus alpinus, Wulfema baldaccii, Alonsoa warscewiczii und Nemesia capensis. Dissertationes Bumnicae 188. J. Cramer, Berlin, Stuttgart